Uno de cada tres vecinos de Las Condes trabaja en su misma comuna
Un análisis de datos de Unholster muestra cuáles son los lugares donde los residentes además trabajan. El “líder” en la Región Metropolitana es Melipilla.
Menores tiempos de viaje, más tiempo en familia. Esa combinación virtuosa no ocurre frecuentemente, pero existe y los números que arroja forman parte de un estudio de análisis de datos de la firma Unholster. Por medio de un cruce de información del Censo y de una muestra representativa del 20% de la base de datos del seguro de cesantía de marzo de 2019, la consultora reconstruyó la prevalencia residencial de los trabajadores de 18 a 64 años en la Región Metropolitana.
Para confeccionar las tendencias, Unholster tomó las direcciones de trabajadores y empleadores que están en el sistema del seguro de cesantía. No existe evidencia de eventuales cambios de domicilio del empleado y solo existe una dirección para las empresas que puedan tener varias locaciones.
Los resultados por comuna de coincidencia
Según el informe de Unholster, que compartió con PAUTA, comunas del radio externo al Gran Santiago como Melipilla, Paine, Isla de Maipo y Alhué son aquellas donde más del 30% de sus residentes trabajan en la misma zona.
Pero entre medio de ellas destaca otro lugar: Las Condes. Ocurre que uno de cada tres condinos trabaja en su misma comuna. Y se aleja bastante, en ese sentido, de otros barrios del sector oriente.
Otro de los hallazgos se relaciona con la clasificación por sector económico de quienes trabajan y residen en la misma comuna. Así, quienes están empleados en el sector de servicios sociales y agricultura tienden a coincidir en la relación aquí desplegada sobre hogar y trabajo.
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¿Reciben sueldos similares quienes pueden vivir y trabajar en la misma comuna? A la luz de los datos procesados por Unholster, la pregunta arroja un rotundo no: la mediana de todos los ingresos laborales entre quienes viven y trabajan en un mismo sector es de $748 mil en hombres y $685 mil en mujeres, mientras que aquellos que deben dividir su residencia y domicilio laboral es de $627 mil y 595 mil, respectivamente.
La mediana corresponde al valor que está justo en la mitad de la muestra.
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La procedencia de los trabajadores
En los siguientes gráficos, Unholster ilustra de qué comunas provienen los trabajadores que tienen sus empresas localizadas en Santiago.
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¿Dónde trabajan los que viven aquí?
Una pregunta distinta tiene que ver con la comuna donde trabajan quienes residen en determinadas localidades. En este caso, Unholster seleccionó las siguientes comunas para averiguar dónde sus vecinos habitualmente laboran: La Reina y San Ramón.
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Vivir y trabajar en la misma comuna
En las siguientes ilustraciones se muestra la cantidad de personas que vive y trabaja en su misma comuna según tipo de contrato de trabajo, por género, por tamaño de la empresa y por edad de los empleados.
Las conclusiones preliminares a partir de los datos aquí indican que hay una mayor prevalencia de trabajar en la misma comuna donde se habita si tiene un contrato indefinido, es mujer, se ocupa en una microempresa y tiene más de 55 años.
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Movilidad y comuna
Existen numerosos indicadores de movilidad, como ha documentado este mismo medio. Uno de los reportes proviene del Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Ingeniería (ISCI) de la Universidad de Chile.
Al cruzar esos datos con aquellos de residencia particular y laboral de las personas, Unholster revela la variabilidad de los casos. Se traza una cierta tendencia que indicaría, al menos en forma preliminar, que la menor movilidad se registra en los lugares donde más vecinos son además trabajadores en su misma comuna.